- Mopate Logtene Youssouf1*, Zeuh Vounparet2, Issa Adoum Youssouf3
- Zootechnical and Veterinary Research Laboratory, NDjamena, P.O.Box. 433, Chad
- Livestock Polytechnic Institute of Moussoro, Moussoro, Chad
- University Institute of Sciences and Techniques, Abeche, Chad
This study was about the composition of the farmyard chicken, to
evaluate the production practices and the reproduction performance of
the hens of the Eastern Chad .The transversal retrospective survey
covered 113 villages chosen at random in 12 Departments of three (3)
regions (Wadi Fira, Ouaddai and Salamat). It was about 732 chicken farms
with a total number of 18197 chickens. The average number per chicken
farm was 25±17 chickens.The females were 62% of the total number and
the males 38%. The sex ratio was 4.7 in favor of the females.
The
hen houses with a roof were the majority (95%) among the ones with no
roof (5%). Many producers (91%) distributed the cereal ban in some
troughs for the chicks and 98% of the grains were thrown straight on the
floor for the young chickens and the adult ones. The average total
number of the hens clutch per year was 3.6±0.7 and the average total
number of eggs per hen clutch was 11.7±1.7. The yearly average
production was 41±9 eggs; the average hatching rate was 86.6% and the
average survival rate when chicks were two months was 60%. According to
the seasons, the low reproduction performances were noted during the dry
hot season (P<0.05). The loss was important after the weaning. Some
practices aiming to reduce that loss would permit the numerical increase
of the numbers. The characterization of the initial state of the hens
production allows to evaluate the impact of the improvement and
innovation practices which were introduced in the concerned regions.
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