Estimating stored carbon stock in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantation by age group in PT daria dharma pratama plantation Bengkulu Indonesia - IJJAR

By: Yuliyanto, Dede Setiadi, Sulistijorini
Key Words: Carbon biomass, Oil palm plantation, PT DDP.
Int. J. Agr. Agri. Res. 8(1), 81-86, January 2016.
Abstract

The increasing concentration of carbon in the atmosphere is a serious environmental problem that can affect living system on earth. The increase in greenhouse gas emissions caused global warming that will affect the world climate change and rising sea levels. Climate change will disrupt farming system in both the micro and macro scale.

Estimation of forest carbon emissions is one of the important efforts to reduce climate change. Land clearing for palm oil plantations will affect the stored carbon in the forest reserves. The aim of this study is to determine the biomass stored carbon stocks in oil palm plantations by age group in oil palm plantations in PT Daria Dharma Pratama (PT DDP), Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. Methods of measuring the stored carbon stock of palm oil biomass using allometric equations, is non-destructive method.

Methods of measuring the stored carbon stock of undergrowth biomass and piled of oil palm fronds up was conducted by destructive methods. The largest biomass stored carbon stock was in the age group of 11-15 years crop of 69.32 tonnes ha-1. Then, in the age group of 16-20 years were 54.13 tonnes ha-1, age group of >20 years were 34.91 tonnes ha-1, the age group of 6-10 years were 34.16 tonnes ha-1, and the age group 0 – 5 year were 6.98 tonnes ha-1, respectively. Stored carbon stock in oil palm was influenced by the age of the plant, soil fertility, as well as plant growth and development. Get the full articles at: http://bit.ly/21caZbF

Journal Name: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR)
Publisher Name: International Network For Natural Sciences (INNSPUB)

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Source: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research @2015  Journal of agronomy

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Morphological and physiological changes of aloe (Aloe barbadensis Miller.) in response to culture media - IJAAR an open access scholarly research journals

By Amir Foroutan Nia1, Abohassan Farhang Sardrodi2, Mohammad Mehdi Habibi1, Sanaz Bahman1*

1. Department of Horticulture, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
2. Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Zanjan, Iran

Key words: Aloe barbadensis Miller., Culture media, Morphological, physiological parameters

Aloe is a plant of the family Liliaceae, with fleshy leaves and filled with gel containing health care costs are enormous and are used in the treatment of many diseases. To investigate the effects of culture media on morphological and physiological parameters of Aloe (Aloe barbadensis Miller.) plants, an experiment on the basis of randomized complete blocks design with 13 treatment and 4 replications was conducted in 2013. The treatments were components of manure, sand, peat, pumice, tea wastes and rice husks in two level (25% and 50%) with soil in two level (50% and 75%). Effect of culture media was significant on all of parameters except for leaf diameter and total suspended solid (TSS). Results showed that the most number of leaves per plant (13 leaves.plant-1) and root weight (41g.plant-1) in medium of 25% pumice + 75% soil, the most leaf width (3.4 cm) with 25% peat + 75% soil, the maximum offset weight (65.5 g.plant-1), gel weight (257.2 g.plant-1) and weight of plant aerial parts (547.5 g.plant-1) in treatment of 50% pumice + 50% soil and the highest number of offset per plant (3.25 offset.plant-1) with application of 25% tea wastes + 75% soil was attained. The best treatments to increase the morphological and physiological parameters are components of pumice, peat and tea wastes in combination with soil because of higher amount of organic carbon and cation exchange capacity and proper pH of the media.  Get the full articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-6-june-2015-ijaar/

Journal Name: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR)
Publisher Name: International Network For Natural Sciences (INNSPUB)

Source: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research @2015  Journal of agronomy

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Estimates of gene action for yield and its components in bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. - IJAAR An Open Access Research Journals

By AA. Kandil1, AE. Sharief2,*, Hasnaa SM. Gomaa3

1. Department of Agronomy, Mansoura University, Egypt (1)
2. Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and land reclamation, Egypt  (2,3)

Key Words: Bread Wheat Cultivars, Narrow Sense Heritability, Broad sense heritability.

In order to study gene action for yield and its components using 8 × 8 diallel crosses excluding reciprocals during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons at Tag El-Ezz Research Station, Dakahlia Governorate, the genotypes were Sides 12, Gemmiza 11, Maser 1, Maser 2, Shandaweel 1, Giza 168, Sakha 93, and Sakha 94. Results revealed that both additive (D) and dominance (H1 and H2) genetic variance were significant for the all studied characters, indicating the importance of additive and dominance gene effects in controlling these characters.

The dominance genetic variance was higher in the magnitude as compared to additive one, resulting in (H1/D)0.5 exceeding than more unity for all studied characters except spike density and number of tillers/plant. The “F” values which refer to the covariance of additive and dominance gene effects in the parents revealed positive and significant for flag leaf length and flag leaf area, extrusion length, number of tillers/plant number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike and 1000- grain weight, indicating that dominant alleles were more frequent than the recessive ones in the parents for this character, while negative “F’ value for remaining characters indicated excess of recessive alleles among parents.

The overall dominance effects of heterozygous loci h2, indicated directional dominance for heading date, flag leaf length, flag leaf area, spike length, extrusion length, spike density, grain yield/spike, number of tillers/plant number of spikes/plant, number of grains/ spike and grain yield/plant. Proportion of genes with positive and negative effects in the parent (H2/4H1) was deviated from 0.25 for all studied characters Heritability in narrow sense was moderate (0.369) for grain yield/plant. Get the full articles at: http://www.innspub.net/ijaar/estimates-of-gene-action-for-yield-and-its-components-in-bread-wheat-triticum-aestivum-l/

Journal Name: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR)
Publisher Name: International Network For Natural Sciences (INNSPUB)

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Source: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research @2016  Journal of agronomy

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Effects of some environmental factors on annual weed shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.) - JBES An Open Access Research Journals

By Rouhollah Amini

Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran

Key words: Germination, Drought, Salinity, Seedling dry weight, Shepherd's purse.

Abstract

Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.) is an annual weed species with a wide distribution in cereals of East Azarbaijan, Iran. Tow experiments were carried out based on randomised complete block design with four replications in Tabriz, Iran in 2014 to evaluate the effects of salinity and drought stress on shepherd's purse germination and early seedling growth. The salinity levels were included 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 dS m-1 (deci Siemens per meter) sodium chloride (NaCl). The drought stress levels were included 0,-0.4,-0.8,-1.2,-1.6 and-2.0 MPa osmotic potentials were obtained by polyethylene glycol 8000 as osmotica.

Results indicated that the effect of salinity was significant on seedgermination percentage and rate, seedling root and shoot length and seedling dry weight. The all traits reduced significantly by increasing the salinity level. In salinity of 20 dS m-1 the germination% of shepherd's purse was < 35 and the seedling dry weight reduced 65% in comparison with control (0 dS m-1). Also the effect of drought stress was significant on seed germination, seedling length and seedling dry weight and all the traits decreased by increasing the osmotic potential. The germination% of shepherd's purse seeds in osmotic potential of-2.0 MPa was < 32 and the reduction in seedling dry matter was > 60%. Generally, it could be concluded that drought stress such as limited irrigation and salinity would be effective strategy for reduction in germination and early seedling growth of this annual weed species. Get the full articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-5-may-2015-jbes/

Journal Name: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)

Publisher Name: International network For natural Sciences (INNSPUB)

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Effect of sowing year and seedbed type on yield and yield component in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L) Verdc) in woodland savannahs of Cote d’Ivoire - IJAAR | An Open Access Research Journal

• By Kouassi N’dri Jacob*, Ayolié Koutoua, Boyé Mambe Auguste Denise

Department of Agroforestry, University of Jean Lorougnon Guede, Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract:

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) is one of the most promising food legumes in Africa, due to its agronomic and nutritional potential. To take advantage of these attributes, several research programmes gathering agronomic and genetic data are being implemented throughout Africa. In this context, the responses of yield and yield components to year sowing and seedbed type were tested in a three densities (13 900 plants ha−1, 62500 plants ha−1 and 250000 plants ha−1) field experiment using a bambara groundnut landrace with a semi-bunch growth habit. Three years sowing: 2005, 2006 and 2007 were coupled with two seedbed types – raised and flat. A factorial trial using a split-plot design with three replicates was set up to analyse seed yield and plant biomass, as well as nine yield components (Plant spread, Plant height, Number of leaves per plant, Number of pods per plants, Number of seeds per plant, Pods weight per plant, Pod fill ration, Seed harvest index). The seedbed type and year of experiment did not influence significantly the marketable yield and plant biomass (p> 0.05). This result has been attributed to the suitability of the amount and distribution of rainfall and temperature for the production of bambara groundnut at the target site. Based on the trend of yield response, cultivation of landraces of bambara groundnut characterized by a semi-bunch growth habit on flat seedbeds was suggested in woodland savannas of Côte d’Ivoire to enhance seeds yield and reduce labour. Get the full articles at: http://goo.gl/9L7cxk

Journal Name: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR)

Publication Name: International Network For Natural Sciences (INNSPUB)

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Effectiveness of anthraquinone and methylanthranilate against house sparrow (Passer domesticus) from wheat seeds and seedlings in caged conditions in Pakistan - JBES | Research Articles

• By Shahzad Ahmad1*, Farhat Jabeen1, Hammad Ahmad Khan2, Khizar Samiullah1, Sajid Yaqub1, Muhammad Samee Mubarik1, Muhammad Kashif Zahoor1, Zobia Saleem1, Asif Masih1 Maryam Shafique1

1. Department of Zoology, Govt. College, University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
2. Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Among avian pests, house sparrow caused serious depredations, not only to seeds, but also seedlings of various crops particularly in the organic farming. Different mechanical and chemical ways have been reported to manage these losses all over the world. The present study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of two bird repellents namely methylanthranilate and anthraquinone to manage the depredations of wheat seeds and seedlings against house sparrow in captivity. For this purpose house sparrows were offered with treated and untreated seeds and seedlings of wheat in two aviaries. By providing treated seeds and seedlings with these repellents, the relative effectiveness was appraised by comparing the consumed and unconsumed seeds and seedlings.

Feeding responses of these birds against different doses of these repellents were investigated with the help of the closed circuit cameras adjusted in the aviaries. During the whole experiment among trial and control group highly significant differences (P<0.01) were seen in both seeds and seedlings cases.

The mean consumption of wheat seeds treated with anthraquinone and methylanthranilate was 24.04±2.50 and 26.28±2.02, respectively, which depicted anthraquinone is relatively good repellent than methylanthranilate and a significant difference (P<0.05) was also observed. Different concentrations of both repellents showed a non-significant (P>0.05) variance when wheat seeds and seedlings were offered to house sparrows. House sparrows were influenced more quickly by consuming wheat seeds and seedlings treated with both repellents. Sparrows displayed noticeable head-shaking and feather ruffling behavior by consuming the treated seeds and seedlings. Get the full articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-5-may-2015-jbes/

Journal Name: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)

Publisher Name: International network For natural Sciences (INNSPUB)

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Solid state fermentation of Lathyrus sativus and sugarcane bagasse by Pleurotus sajor-caju - IJAAR An Open Access Research Journals

By Md. Rezaul Karim1, Zinat Mahal2, Safia Iqbal1, Harun or Rashid2, M. Abu Hena Mostofa Jamal1, Md. Azizul Islam1, Md. Mafizur Rahman1

1. Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
2. Institute of Food and Radiation biology, Atomic Energy Commission, Bangladesh

Lathyrus sativus (Khesari  plant) and sugarcane bagasse  are considered  as  agro  wastes. Khesari plants are generally grown in fields as weeds and they have to be removed prior to cultivation. Taking this view in mind, we have investigated  the conversion of these lignocellulosic  agro-waste as an enriched feed stock for cattle via by solid state fermentation using a cellulolytic fungus, Pleurotus sajor-caju.

The strain required 8 weeks to complete the fermentation on both the untreated and treated (with alkali, lime and presoaked) substrates at  30°C. Higher amounts of reducing sugar and soluble protein were found in each of the lime treated substrates than untreated substrates. Results also indicated that presoaked substrate contain higher amounts of reducing sugar and soluble protein than unsoaked substrate. Among the substrates, mixed substrate (khesari plant + sugarcane bagasse) was found to accumulate higher amount of sugar, 22.15 mg/g and protein, 22.80 mg/g than those of khesari plant in the  5th week of fermentation. 

The treatments that augmented the level of sugar and  protein  were  also  found to enhance the cellobiase, carboxy methyl cellulase and avicelase activity of crude culture extracts.These results suggest that lime treatment and presoaking seem to increase the digestibility of the  substrates by the fungal cellulolytic enzymes. During eight weeks of fermentation,relatively higher cellobiase activity was  found as compared to that of carboxymethylcellulase and avicelase at 30 o C for the fungul strain.The results of the present study clearly indicate that fungal  conversion with pretreatment transform these lignocellulosic  agro-wastes to a nutritionally enriched animal feed. Get the full articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-4-number-5-may-2014-2/

Journal Name: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR)

Publication Name: International Network For Natural Sciences (INNSPUB)

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