By: Duygu Ulaş, Ali Rıza Şahin
Key Words: Protein depression, Milk, Summer.
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Data of study was obtained from a milk company in Tekirdağ province
of Turkey during June, July and August month. If the protein/fat ratio
is less than 0.80 in milk, milk protein depression occurs. Protein/fat
data were analyzed by one sample t test was made to compare differences
(p<0.05) between means of months and reference value (0.80 = protein
depression threshold) with help of the SPSS 18.0. Milk protein/fat means
of June (0.89), July (0.88) and August (0.91) months were higher than
reference value (0.80). According to results obtained from all months,
it can be said that there were no protein depression during summer
season in conventional milk. This study should be repeated for all
season of year. The dairy product manufacturers must be careful about
protein depression in milk obtained from different season for achieving
maximum profit.
Proper feed intake of dairy cows can both improve the
economy of production and ensure a healthier dam. To
achieve these goals, milk producers must feed to
increase milk production with maximum rates of milk
protein and fat. Milk protein may be critically reduced in
dairy cows as a result of insufficient feed intake,
especially in the postpartum period. Milk protein has
economic value because higher protein leads to higher
milk products such as cheese, yoghurt etc. Consequently,
milk protein content of milk is emphasized (Alderson
and Pollak, 1980; Fox and McSweney, 2003).
Factors which affect milk composition include dam
factors such as age (Yıldırım et al., 2009), body
condition (Cimen and Topçu, 2013), live weight,
udder measurements and environmental factors such
as temperature (Ceylan et al., 2013), milking methods
(Cetin et al., 2010) disease (i.e. mastitis) and
nutrition (Pratap et al., 2014). If the protein/fat ratio
is less than 0.80 in milk, milk protein depression
occurs (Stokes et al., 2012). The environmental
conditions in different months are known as
important factors which have influences on the milk
components and taste of it. Recently, researches focus
on depression of milk parameters such as fat and
protein (Weiss, 2012; Boerman, 2013). There has
been extensive research in recent decades into milk
parameters and the agents responsible for the
production of milk parameters. Only limited
knowledge is available on the protein depression and
no detailed data on the conventional milk are
available. Although much is known about causal
relationships between composition of the diet and
levels of milk parameters, little is known about
differences in milk protein levels and protein
depression thresholds between seasons. This is the
first study to investigate the protein depression
during summer season in conventional milk.
Material and methods
Study area and season
Milk protein data was obtained from a milk company
in Tekirdağ province of Turkey during summer
season. Daily milk samples for each summer month
(June, July and August) were obtained.
Collection of data and milk analysis
Samples were collected directly from homogenized
bulk milk at determined local points and put in to the
100mL sterile plastic container stored at 4oC and
immediately transported in freeze to the laboratory
and analyzed. Milk protein rates were determined by
milk auto-analyzer (Milkana).
Statistical analysis
Protein data were analyzed by one sample t test was
made to compare differences (p<0.05) between
means of months and reference value (0.80 = protein
depression threshold) with help of the SPSS 18.0
(Norusis, 1993; Çimen 2015).
Results and discussion
Protein depression thresholds of conventional milk
for each month of summer season were shown in
Table 1, 2 and 3. Get The full articles at- Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res. 14(4), 1-4, April 2019.
International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research - IJAAR is an open-access scholarly research journal, published by International Network for Natural Sciences. IJAAR publishes original scientific research articles in the field of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences. IJAAR published 2 Volume and 12 issue per the calendar year.
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