N. J. Nagaraj, from the
institute of the India. S. Pallavi, Nagaraj from the institute of the India. Wrote
a research article about, Calendula Extract Cytotoxicity in Mouse Fibroblasts.
Entitled, Cytotoxic activity of Calendula officinalis extract on 3T3 mouse
fibroblast cell line using MTT assay- An in vitro study. This research paper
published by the International Journal of Biosciences | IJB. an open access
scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International
Network For Natural Sciences| INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary
research journal publisher.
Abstract
Calendula officinalis (CO) is often known as the Pot marigold. It is a common topical therapy in homoeopathic medicine. It contains quercetin, carotenoids, lutein, lycopene, rutin, ubiquinone, xanthophylls, and other antioxidants. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and analgesic properties. The pulp and periapical tissues are in contact with intracanal medications employed during root canal therapy. For any novel material to be used in clinical scenarios, the material’s cytotoxicity must be assessed. Hence this study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of a novel herbal intracanal medication on 3T3 mouse fibroblasts using the Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium test (MTT assay) (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide). The CO aqueous extract was utilized for the cytotoxicity test. The 3T3 fibroblast cells were treated by CO in different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/ml) for 48-hour incubation period. Cell viability was determined with MTT assay. CO showed no cytotoxicity when used in less concentration and at highest concentration of 10% showed little cytotoxicity. At optimal concentration, the CO medication showed low cytotoxic effects, indicating that it is safe to use.
Introduction
The fundamental goal of
endodontic therapy is to eliminate pathogens from the root canal system. The
root canal system's anatomical complexity may harbor leftover bacteria that
withstand biomechanical preparation and result in recurrent periapical
infections. The selection of disinfecting agents is critical in achieving a
successful longterm endodontic therapy. Intracanal medicaments play a major
role in disinfection of root canal system by neutralising endotoxins,
preventing microbes from entering through saliva, reducing pain and
inflammation, and fostering an environment that promotes hard tissue healing
(Kandaswamy et al., 2010).
Intracanal medications,
which are utilised in endodontic therapy, come into close contact with living pulpal
and periapical tissue cells, promoting both periapical tissue healing and
repair (Zapata, 2022).
Recent trend towards
herbal agents with antibacterial effects due to the hazardous side effects of
synthetic medications and the growing number of antibioticresistant strains has
gained popularity in the medical field (Vaou et al., 2021).
Calendula officinalis
(CO), frequently referred to as 'Pot Marigold', belongs to the Asteraceae
family. The "Food and Drug Administration" (FDA) and the
"Flavours and Extracts Manufacturers Association" (FEMA) have
recognized the safety of plant parts and dried flowers used as spices. CO
exerts several therapeutic effects such as antibacterial, antifungal,
antiviral, anti-HIV, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hepatoprotective,
cardio protective, gastro protective and wound healing properties (Nagaraj et
al., 2022).
CO can be utilized as
an intracanal medicament for long-standing periapical lesions due to its higher
resistance to root dentin fracture when compared to calcium hydroxide (Nagaraj
et al., 2020). Yalgi et al. demonstrated the antibacterial activity of CO as a
root canal irrigant against Streptococcus mutans. Because of its antibacterial
qualities, shown excellent results in eradicating microbes and can be utilized
as an alternative disinfecting agent (Yalgi et al., 2020). Though this plant
has been extensively studied, very few studies have examined the cytotoxic
effects of CO in dentistry.
The biocompatibility of
a material used for the replacement or filling of biological tissue like teeth
always had high concern for patients within the health care disciplines. For
any material to be used for clinical scenario the cytotoxicity evaluation of
the material has to be tested (Shahi et al., 2019). Hence, this in vitro study
was done to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of CO in 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell
lines.
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