Viji Jayabalan and Neelanarayanan Periyasamy, from the institute of the India. Wrote a research article about, Lignocellulolytic Bacteria for Sugarcane Trash Biodegradation. Entitled, Diversity of lignocellulolytic bacteria in native soil of sugarcane trash and to assess their biodegradation potential. This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences | IJB. an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences| INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher
Abstract
The main goal of this
research was to investigate the diversity of lignocellulolytic bacteria in the
native soil of sugarcane trash and to assess their biodegradation potential.
From naturally degrading sugarcane waste, bacteria were identified. 35 distinct
bacterial species were discovered; these bacteria were then employed to
determine each one’s potential for breaking down the lignin and cellulose found
in sugarcane waste. After selecting a potential strain of bacteria, Congo red
and iodine tests were created for the purpose of screening bacterial species,
and they were then utilized to further the biodegradation of sugarcane waste.
Thirteen of the thirty-five investigated bacterial species generated cellulase
and ligninase enzymes, and Pseudomonas fluorescens was identified in
the secondary screening as a suitable strain among these. Hence, this P.
fluorescens was employed in the degradation of sugarcane waste. When this
lingo-cellulolytic bacterium was introduced to sugarcane waste, the rate of
degradation of the waste was enhanced. Significant reduction in lignin and
cellulose contents were observed in sugarcane trash inoculated with P.
fluorescens compared to other
experiments. P. fluorescens lowered the C:N ratio in soil-mixed
sugarcane waste from 70:1 to 10:1. The macronutrients of the compost taken from
experimental trays seeded with P. fluorescens showed a substantial
increase as well. It is evident from these results that the P.
fluorescens, lingo-cellulolytic bacteria may be used for the degradation
of sugarcane trash. Hence, we conclude that P. fluorescens can be
recommended for the degradation of sugarcane trash which would result in the
production of good quality compost containing higher amounts of total nitrogen,
total potassium and total phosphorus contents.
Introduction
Sugarcane is one of the
most significant cash crops in India and is extremely essential to both the
agricultural and industrial economies of the nation. One of the world's top
producers of sugarcane is India. India produces 320 million tonnes of sugarcane
annually. In Tamil Nadu, 102 tonnes of sugarcane are produced per acre (Mohan
and Ponnusamy, 2011).
More than 3000 ha of
sugarcane are grown in the Tiruchirappalli district of Tamil Nadu, with an
average production of 100 tonnes ha-1. Over 6.5 million tonnes of sugarcane
waste are created year when the crop is harvested. The state government of
Tamil Nadu, through Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sirugamani, and Tiruchirappalli
District, conducted numerous education and training initiatives on how to
effectively manage trash from harvested sugarcane, although trash burning is
still a common practise (Dhanushkodi et al., 2019). By releasing harmful gases
into the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, this activity pollutes
the atmosphere and endangers both human health and the ecosystem. Moreover,
this approach significantly depletes the soil of minerals, micronutrients and
microbes.
The two best
alternatives for managing sugarcane waste effectively are composting and
mulching, but both require a lot of work. The combined approaches of composting
with microbial inoculants can be used to reduce this issue, and it currently
attracts a lot of interest from researchers (Swetha et al., 2010).
The aforementioned
facts make it clear that using microorganisms is necessary for the efficient
and rapid decomposition of sugarcane waste. The breakdown process is typically
accelerated by the microorganisms that are naturally present in the garbage. In
this work, we looked into a biological technique for employing bacteria to
hasten the breakdown of the main chemical components found in the waste from
sugarcane. It is one of the greatest options for quickly turning the available,
unused organic biodegradable wastes, such as sugarcane garbage, into compost.
This study aims to
examine the diversity of lingocellulolytic bacteria in native soil, or naturally
decomposing sugarcane waste sites, and afterwards to test their biodegradation
capacity in order to make recommendations to farmers in the future.
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