Research Paper published by INNSPUB | Assessment of heavy metals concentration in mud cuttings of reserve pit 7 in Twiga 1 well pad South Lokichar Basin relative to acceptable levels in drinking water

 

This research work has been written by David Mugendi, Caleb Mireri & Jacob Kibwage from Department of Environmental Planning and Management, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.

 

Abstract

Mud cuttings forms the largest volume of the waste generated during petroleum oil and gas drilling. Most often they are stored in reserve pits before final disposal which mostly is being spread in agricultural farms after incineration or being buried with shallow soil in reserve pits. Barite (Barium Sulphate) often added as a weighting agent to drilling muds to counteract pressure in the geological formations being drilled inhibiting well blow out contain elevated levels of heavy metals. These heavy metals contaminate the mud cuttings during the drilling process and if poorly managed these cuttings can leach out and contaminate underground water ecosystems. X-ray Florence machine was used to determine the heavy metals concentrations in the mud cuttings. The heavy metals concentration detected in the reserve pit was in the order of Iron> Calcium> potassium> lead> Manganese> Copper andd Nickel with their average values being 70.74ppm, 62.57ppm, 8.14ppm, 4.58ppm, 1.58ppm, o.21ppm and 0.05ppm respectively.

The results indicated that heavy metals such as Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), and Lead (Pb) concentration levels in the mud cuttings were all above World Health Organization (WHO), and United State Environmental Agency (USEPA), recommended levels for consumption water posing a potential danger to human and animal health in case of exposure.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Water quality and risk assessment of tributary rivers in San Fernando, Bukidnon Philippines-JBES

By: Van Ryan Kristopher R. Galarpe, Kristal Jane L. Heyasa, Brawner Brian L. Heyasa

J. Bio. Env. Sci. 11(1), 266-273, July 2017.

Bukidnon, Philippines being identified as an agricultural province needs to ensure water sustainability vital to support its agroeconomy.

 

This study considered Tigua River with three river tributaries and Salug River with single station in San Fernando, Bukidnon. Analysis employed single sampling technique to initially assess river tributaries. Studied water quality parameters were pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidizing redox potential (ORP), turbidity, salinity, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS) using portable pre-calibrated meters. Nitrates were also determined using Bruccine colorimetric method. Analyzed heavy metals in total form were copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) using Flame-Atomic absorption spectrophometry (AAS). Overall, studied river tributaries passed national regulation with risk quotient (RQ) showing no potential pollution. Heavy metals were below detection limit indicating less traceable quantities in river tributaries.

Salinity, conductivity, and TDS showed positive correlation. The study was preliminary and further monitoring may be needed.

Get citied by just copy the text: Van Ryan Kristopher R. Galarpe, Kristal Jane L. Heyasa, Brawner Brian L. Heyasa. Water quality and risk assessment of tributary rivers in San Fernando, Bukidnon Philippines. J. Bio. Env. Sci. 11(1), 266-273, July 2017.

Get the original abstract and full text: Water quality and risk assessment of tributary rivers

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Removal of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb) using fresh water algae (Utricularia tenuissima, Utricularia tenuis & Zygogonium ericetorum) from contaminated water

A study was conducted to check the efficiency of different fresh water algae for removing heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb) from contaminated water. The three most abundant indigenous algal species namely Ulothrix tenuissima, Oscillatoria tenuis and Zygogonium ericetorum were collected from fresh water channels of Parachinar, Pakistan and brought to the laboratory of Soil and Environmental Sciences Department at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar Pakistan for proper identification. To check the efficiency for removing heavy metals artificial contaminated water was prepared and was inoculated with mix culture of above mentioned algae and incubated for 10 days. After incubation algal species were removed from water through centrifugation and was dried, digested and analyzed for heavy metals. The results showed that the concentration of all heavy metals was substantially reduced in the algal inoculated contaminated water.

The analysis of algal biomass showed that considerable amount of metals and other elements were recovered in algae. Among the tested algal species, Zygogonium ericetorum showed maximum removal Ni(99.40ug) and Cr(66.84ug) from contaminated water followed by Oscillatoria tenuis with 84ug(Ni) and 64.83ug(Cr) respectively. However Oscillatoria tenuis showed maximum removal of Cd(41.00ug) than the other algal species. Similarly Zygogonium ericetorum showed maximum removal of Pb (451ug) followed by Ulothrix tenuissima where 441ug was recorded. Highest amount Cd, and Ni were recovered in Zygogonium ericetorum biomass while highest amount of Cr and Pb were recorded in the biomass of Oscillatoria tenuis. Finally it could be concluded that algae have efficiently removed heavy metals from contaminated water. Further research is needed to test other algal species for removal of heavy metal and other elements from the contaminated water.

Journal Name: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)

Publication Name: International Network For Natural Sciences (INNSPUB)

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Concentration of heavy metals in the water and fish tissues of the river ravi, Pakistan - JBES

• Abdul Rauf1*, Muhammad Javed1, Ghazala Jabeen2, Arshad Javid3, Syed Makhdoom Hussain

1. Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
2. Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
3. Department of wild life, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
4. Fish Nutrition Lab, Department of Zoology, wild life and Fisheries, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan

The River Ravi has subject to severe disturbances due to contaminants discharge of untreated industrial wastes and domestic sewage. This study was planned to assess the status of heavy metals Copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and cobalt (Co) in water and indian major carp (Catla catla) collected from the sampling station, Baloki Headworks.

The results showed significant differences among six fish organs viz. Gills, kidney, liver, skin,muscle and scales. Accumulation of Cu in all the six fish organs showed significant difference. Fish liver was the organ that accumulated significantly higher quantities of these metals followed by that of kidney and scales. The magnitude of heavy metals in both river stretch and tributary waters were Cu > Cr > Cd > Co while in the fish tissue the elements decreased in the order Cu > Cr >Co> Cd.

The correlation coefficient between the metals toxicity of Catla catla body organs and water was positively significant. The result of this study indicated that the metals present in the river system were taken up by Catla catla through water, sediments and food, regardless of their biological needs, showed higher metal concentrations.

FULL ARTICLE AVAILABLE AT: Volume 6, Number 2, February 2015 – JBES

PUBLISHED JOURNALS: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)

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Impact of some biotics and abiotics factors on the accumulation of heavy metals by a biological model Merluccius merlucciusin the bay of oran in Algeria

• Fatma Belhoucine1, Amel Alioua2, Sultana Bouhadiba1, Zitouni Boutiba 

1. Environmental Monitoring Network, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life,University Es-Senia of Oran, Algeria
2. University of Science and Technology of Oran USTO-MB, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty
   of Natural Sciences and Life of Oran, Algeria 

Our study focused on the assessment of contamination by three trace metals (Cd, Pb and Zn) an abundant
demersal fish in Algerian waters and appreciated by a large fish-eating population, hake Merluccius merluccius
(L. 1758) , caught in the bay of Oran.

Monthly sampling was spread over a year from January to December 2010.Two organs have been identified: the liver and muscle. Metal concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with flame based on three parameters (sex, size and month). From this study, it appears that the hake (M. merluccius) bioaccumulates three metals pollutants sought, the highest concentrations are those of zinc, lead concentrations more or less important, and the lowest concentrations are those of cadmium.

The processed results showed no statistically significant difference between the levels of trace metals in both sexes and at both organs considered. The use of hake as bio indicator in the assessment of contamination by these micro, helped to highlight their presence at two target organs (liver and muscle).

These results only reveal the existence of a close relationship between marine pollution and many other industrial and urban wastes, the Oran Bay and surrounding areas.

Full Article Available at: Volume 5, Number 6, December 2014 – JBES
Journal Name:  Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)

 

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